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Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists (GCVS)

General FAQ

Can GCVS be my pet’s primary veterinary clinic?

At GCVS, our focus is on providing advanced specialty and emergency care for pets with complex medical needs. As a result, we do not offer routine or wellness services, with the exception of avian or exotic pets. We recommend partnering with a primary care veterinarian for your pet’s ongoing wellness care and vaccinations.

Can I visit my pet while they’re in the hospital?

Our top priority is ensuring a smooth and stress-free recovery for all our patients. Visitation policies may vary depending on your pet’s condition and treatment plan. Please consult with your veterinarian or the technical staff to determine if visiting your pet is recommended.

What should I do if my pet is experiencing issues related to their current condition being treated at GCVS?

If you have non-emergency questions or concerns, please don’t hesitate to contact us:

» Call or text us at (713) 693-1111

» Email us at [email protected]

For emergencies, we recommend seeking immediate care at our hospital or the nearest emergency facility.

Will GCVS communicate with my primary veterinarian about my pet’s condition?

At GCVS, we believe in a collaborative approach to your pet’s care, working closely with you and your primary veterinarian as part of your pet’s healthcare team. After your pet’s visit, we promptly share detailed medical records with your veterinarian via fax or email to ensure their records are up to date. Additionally, we consult with your veterinarian by phone as needed throughout your pet’s treatment to provide seamless, coordinated care.

Why is my veterinarian referring me?

Your primary veterinarian may recommend a referral to GCVS when your pet requires advanced diagnostics, specialized treatments, or intensive care that may not be available in a general practice setting. At GCVS, we provide access to cutting-edge diagnostic tools, consultations with a team of specialists, and 24-hour monitoring in our state-of-the-art ICU, ensuring your pet receives the highest level of care.

How do I obtain a referral to GCVS?

If you’re concerned about your pet’s health, start by reaching out to your primary veterinarian. They will evaluate your pet’s condition and determine the best course of action. If a referral to GCVS is recommended, your veterinarian will complete a referral form and guide you to contact us to schedule an appointment.

How do I schedule an appointment with a specialist?

A referral from your primary veterinarian is typically required before scheduling an appointment. However, you may also request an appointment HERE. We will communicate with your primary veterinarian to receive your pet’s medical information.

For emergencies, you may visit our hospital directly without a referral.

Note: Our Avian & Exotics department serves as a primary care for these species and does not require a referral. Visit the Avian & Exotics page for more details.

What is the difference between a primary veterinarian and a veterinary specialist?

Both family veterinarians and specialists earn a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) degree, which includes an undergraduate degree, four years of veterinary school, and licensing exams.

Veterinary specialists undergo an additional 4 years of advanced training, including a 1-year internship and a 3-year residency in a specific field (e.g., Internal Medicine, Dermatology, Oncology). They must also pass rigorous exams to become board-certified, earning the title of Diplomate.

Emergency FAQ

What are the hours of operation?

GCVS is open 24/7 for emergency care on a walk-in basis. Please call 713-693-1111 for emergency services.

How do I know if my pet is experiencing an emergency?

If they are exhibiting one of the following symptoms:

  • Disorientation

  • Collapse episodes

  • Uncoordinated walking

  • Difficulty breathing

  • Persistent pain

  • Pale gums

  • Straining to urinate with little to no urine production

  • Limping

  • Excessive lethargy

  • Vomiting

  • Diarrhea

  • Excessive panting

If your pet is experiencing other symptoms, please contact a veterinarian to determine if emergency care is required.

GCVS is open 24/7 for emergency care on a walk-in basis. Please call (713) 693-1111 for emergency services.

What do I do if my pet is experiencing an emergency?

  • Call our team at (713) 693-1111 or arrive at our facility for an emergency walk-in.

  • Do not administer any medications without consulting a veterinarian first.

  • If your pet has suffered a traumatic injury to their back, it is recommended to transport your pet on a backboard to prevent further injury. Your pet can be secured to a firm flat board (a piece of wood) with tape or straps.

Who is taking care of my pet overnight?

Our emergency department is always staffed with an experienced team of doctors and patient care technicians who provide around-the-clock care.

When can I expect an update on my hospitalized pet?

The emergency team will contact you in the morning following your pet’s overnight stay to give you a brief update on your pet’s progress. At that time, they may recommend further treatment or testing on the doctor’s behalf. Your doctor will contact you in the afternoon to provide another detailed update along with any additional test results received or a discussion on further treatment. Financial updates will also be provided daily.

Can I call to get an update on my pet after-hours?

If there are any concerns or changes in your pet’s condition, the on-duty doctor will call to inform you.

Do I have to give a CPR directive?

We ask that you provide a CPR directive only to respect your wishes regarding treatment for your pet’s continued care should their condition warrant life-saving measures.

Critical Care FAQ

What is the difference between a critical care specialist and an emergency doctor?

Critical care specialists undergo extensive training beyond veterinary school, completing internships, and residencies, and passing rigorous exams by the American College of Veterinary Emergency & Critical Care (ACVECC) to earn board certification.

With their expertise and daily experience, these specialists provide the highest level of care for critically ill or injured pets, managing emergencies and overseeing recovery in intensive care. These skilled specialists are equivalent to human intensivists or ICU doctors.

Avian & Exotics FAQ

How do I schedule an appointment?

Call or text us at 713-693-1111 or email [email protected]. You can complete patient forms ahead of time or email them.

Can GCVS accommodate drop-off appointments?

Yes, drop-off appointments can be made for existing clients and patients. Complete the Patient Information Form, detailing the reason for the visit, any concerns, current medications, and if you’re leaving food/medication for us to administer. Be sure to provide a contact number or email for updates. If you have questions for the doctor, please let us know before admission.

When will I receive updates on my pet’s procedure?

We will contact you after surgery, but your pet’s procedure may not be performed in the morning despite the early admission depending on the caseload in our department for the day. Please reach out to our team with any questions or concerns.

How often will I receive updates while my pet is hospitalized?

Daily updates are provided after 10:00 AM once the doctor evaluates your pet’s progress.

What happens during discharge?

We will contact you when your pet is ready to go home. A staff member will review medication instructions with you. Please ask any questions before leaving and schedule a recheck appointment if needed. Review the discharge instructions at home and contact us with any further questions or feedback.

Can I visit my pet if they are staying for extended periods?

If your pet is hospitalized for more than two days, you can schedule a visit in advance. Special arrangements may be made for critically ill patients. Please note that some pets may become anxious or upset after visits; your doctor can advise if a visit is in your pet’s best interest. Visitation times are typically 10:00 AM – 4:00 PM, Monday – Friday.

What is considered an emergency?

We label a few situations across the board for all species we see here in the Avian & Exotics department:

  • Bleeding or recent blood loss

  • Significant trauma/fractured bone(s)

  • Difficulty breathing

  • Exposure to a toxin

  • Animal bites/scratches

  • Not eating for 24 hours (with the exception of reptiles)

  • Low energy/sleeping more

  • Weakness/falling over

  • Seizures

  • Unresponsive/not arousable

  • Straining to go to the bathroom, pass an egg, or prolapse

Does my pet require vaccinations?

Ferrets, raccoons, kinkajous, coatimundis, and pigs must be current on legally required vaccines. RHDV2 vaccine is recommended for rabbits. Birds, reptiles, amphibians, rodents, and marsupials do not need vaccinations but still benefit from annual check-ups to catch potential health issues early. We also recommend preventive care, such as flea and heartworm prevention, which can be safely prescribed by your veterinarian.

Can my pet and I contract one another’s illnesses?

Some diseases can spread between pets and humans. For example, ferrets can catch the flu from their owners, and parrots can transmit Psittacosis, a serious illness. Pets may also carry parasites, fungi, and bacteria that pose risks, especially to those with weakened immune systems. To stay safe, wash your hands before and after handling pets, and have new pets checked for infectious diseases. If you have health concerns for yourself or your pet, consult a doctor.

Dermatology & Allergy FAQ

What is allergy testing?

Allergy testing helps identify environmental allergens or insects contributing to your pet’s allergic dermatitis. Based on the results, we may recommend immunotherapy, administered either as sublingual drops or injections. Immunotherapy gradually introduces allergens to your pet’s system to build tolerance, potentially alerting the course of the disease by retraining the immune system.

Veterinary dermatologists commonly use intradermal skin testing, which involves injecting small amounts of allergens (pollens, molds, dust, mites, dander, or insect extracts) into the skin under light sedation for comfort. In vitro (blood) testing may also be performed, either alone or alongside skin testing, depending on the patient.

It’s important to note that neither intradermal nor blood allergy testing is effective for diagnosing food allergies. Food allergies are diagnosed through an elimination diet over 8-12 weeks, followed by reintroducing previous food one at a time. Blood tests for food allergies are not scientifically reliable.

What are ear infections?

Ear infections can result from various causes, including allergies (environmental or food-related), parasites, skin conditions, or breed-related anatomical issues. Most infections start in the ear canal but can spread to the middle ear if not properly treated, requiring more intensive care.

Our dermatologists offer advanced diagnostic and treatment options for ear diseases. Our services include consultations with board-certified dermatologists and radiologists, along with the use of state-of-the-art equipment like video-otoscopes. This tool provides a detailed view of the ear canal, ear drum, and middle ear, allowing us to collect samples, clean the ear, apply medications, and take images to track progress and explain findings to clients. Biopsy and removal of many ear masses or polyps are also possible.

What are resistant staphylococcal infections?

Bacterial skin infections often result from allergies and scratching, and many now involve resistant bacterial strains. Recurrent or stubborn infections are evaluated with a culture and sensitivity test to identify the bacteria and select the best antibiotic. Topical treatments also play a key role in managing these infections. Our dermatologists will create a tailored treatment plan to meet your pet’s needs.

I was told my pet is allergic to fleas, but I never see fleas on them. How is that possible?

Even if you don’t see fleas, your pet may still be allergic to them. Flea-allergic pets often try to remove the fleas, but just a few bites can trigger significant discomfort and allergic reactions.

Can my pet’s allergies be cured?

Unfortunately, allergies are a lifelong problem. Once the underlying allergy is identified, therapeutic options will be discussed to manage the symptoms.

I am interested in pursuing allergy testing. What medications should be avoided before the skin test, and for how long?

Antihistamines and steroids, including oral and topical therapies, should be avoided. A wash-out period of 2-4 weeks is needed before performing the skin test, as these medications could interfere with obtaining accurate results. Newer treatments, such as Apoquel and Cytopoint, do not interfere with the skin test results and can be used up until the day of testing.

Is allergy testing uncomfortable?

Allergy testing for pets is like that for humans and causes minimal discomfort. To ensure your pet remains still and comfortable during the procedure a sedative and pain relief may be used.

What does intradermal allergy testing entail?

A small patch of hair is shaved on the chest near the elbow, and 65-70 allergens are injected into the skin. After 8-15 minutes, the test site is evaluated. To ensure safety and accuracy a sedative is given to help your pet remain still during the procedure.

If I am coming in for an initial visit, should I discontinue medications prescribed by my primary veterinarian?

Discontinue topical treatments (ointments, creams, shampoos) at least two days before the appointment, as they may interfere with diagnostics. Do not stop taking oral medications unless instructed. Any necessary adjustments to your pet’s treatment will be discussed during the exam.

What happens during a typical dermatologic appointment?

A thorough medical history is crucial for understanding your pet’s condition. The dermatologist will conduct a physical and dermatologic exam, often recommending procedures like skin scraping, cytology, or cultures. Based on the assessment, we’ll determine the best diagnostic and treatments, providing estimates for major procedures such as biopsies, video-otoscopy, and allergy testing.

Diagnostic Imaging

Why does my pet need to see a veterinary radiologist?

Board-certified veterinary radiologists from the American College of Veterinary Radiology (ACVR) are experts in interpreting radiographs, ultrasounds, CT, MRI, and other diagnostic imaging modalities. They complete a rigorous 3–4-year residency and extensive training in both small and large animal imaging. With only around 575 ACVR-certified radiologists in the U.S., their certification guarantees proficiency in both performing and interpreting diagnostic imaging.

Why would my primary veterinarian refer my pet for an ultrasound?

Ultrasound provides a detailed view of internal organ structure, helping us assess your pet’s condition alongside their age, breed, history, exam, radiographs, and lab results. This comprehensive approach enables us to recommend the best treatment options.

What can be seen with ultrasound?

This imaging modality is best at diagnosing abnormalities within organs. Ultrasound often diagnoses problems earlier than would otherwise be possible. Many times, this affords a better chance for successful treatment.

Can my pet get an ultrasound today?

We offer drop-off appointments for all imaging modalities including ultrasound Monday-Friday, 8:00 AM – 6:00 PM. If your veterinarian recommends imaging, we will work to accommodate your pet as soon as possible.

What if it is an emergency and my pet needs immediate medical intervention?

In the event of an emergency, your pet will be admitted and managed through our emergency or critical care departments. No matter which service your pet is seen by, our diagnostic imaging department will still perform any necessary imaging.

Why is it necessary to shave my pet for an ultrasound?

Ultrasound waves cannot pass through air. Animal fur traps air limiting the ability to see all internal organs, which may affect the ability to accurately treat and diagnose your pet.

Can I be in the room during the imaging procedure to hold my pet?

For your safety, the safety of your pet, and our other patients, we cannot allow clients to be present during imaging procedures.

Do you have to sedate or anesthetize my pet for radiographs or an ultrasound?

Some pets will lie comfortably in our padded troughs for the short time needed to perform their imaging procedure. However, many pets are scared or in pain. Utilizing the expertise of our on-site anesthesia service, we often utilize sedation, and even at times anesthesia to improve the comfort of your pet. If your pet does need sedation or anesthesia, we will discuss this with you at the time of drop-off.

Why are hyperthyroid cats seen by the internal medicine team before being seen by our nuclear medicine department?

Many conditions are often present in addition to hyperthyroidism in geriatric cats. Our internists ensure that the pet is healthy before being administered radioactive iodine.

Can the diagnostic imaging service see drop-off MRI or CTs?

Yes, we are happy to provide cross-sectional imaging on an outpatient basis. Outpatient MRI and CT do require anesthesia, which will be provided by our on-site anesthesia service. To schedule outpatient imaging, our radiologists will need to consult with your primary veterinarian about the best imaging modality/scan for your pet’s condition.

Internal Medicine

How do I schedule an appointment?

Call or text us at (713) 693-1111 or email [email protected]. You can complete patient forms ahead of time and bring them with you or email them.

What do I need to do to prepare for my initial visit?

We ask that you do not feed your pet the day of their appointment in case a test or procedure is recommended. There is no need to restrict access to water. Please continue any medications as instructed, unless told otherwise.

How will I know the cost of testing or treatment needed?

Your internist will review your pet’s history, perform a physical exam, and determine recommended care. An assistant will then provide a detailed estimate covering the exam, testing, treatment, and any hospitalization costs.

Can I stay and wait with my pet while testing is being done?

You’re welcome to wait on-site while your pet’s tests are completed and meet with the doctor afterward. While you can’t be present during testing, we can provide an estimated wait time if you prefer to leave and return later.

Does my pet need to be sedated for diagnostic imaging testing such as radiographs, ultrasound, or lab work?

For the safety of your pet and our staff, we routinely employ the use of mild sedatives during many of our diagnostic tests. Simple procedures like routine blood work or urine collection, however, are routinely performed without sedation unless otherwise needed.

How often will I receive updates while my pet is hospitalized?

Daily updates are provided after 10:00 AM once the doctor evaluates your pet’s progress.

Can I speak with the internist on the phone before my appointment?

Due to the complexity of most referral cases, it is not possible to obtain a diagnosis over the phone. Until we have received and reviewed all medical history and performed a thorough physical examination, we will not be able to offer medical recommendations for your pet.

When can I expect to obtain any outstanding lab results?

Due to the complexity of cases, our internists often use specialized diagnostic labs. While most results are ready within 2-3 days, some may take up to two weeks. We’ll contact you by phone or email as soon as the results are available.

How long will my appointment take?

Consultations with our internists typically last 30-45 minutes. After reviewing your pet’s history and conducting an exam, the doctor will outline a diagnostic plan, which may involve tests requiring your pet to stay at our clinic for several hours or the full day. In some cases, follow-up appointments may be needed. We’ll provide accurate wait times to help you plan accordingly.

What happens during discharge?

We will contact you when your pet is ready to go home. A staff member will review discharge instructions with you. Please ask any questions before leaving and schedule a recheck appointment if needed. Review the instructions at home and contact us with any further questions or feedback.

I-131 Treatment

How is hyperthyroidism diagnosed?

Hyperthyroidism is typically diagnosed with a blood test measuring the elevation of the thyroid hormone (Total T4 and/or Free T4). However, a thyroid scan is the only way to 100% accurately confirm or deny feline hyperthyroidism. It is the “gold standard” method of testing and is often required to confirm the diagnosis in difficult cases where hormone levels appear normal. At GCVS, we use nuclear thyroid scans to accurately diagnose before proceeding with treatment.

How is I-131 administered?

The I-131 treatment is administered via a subcutaneous injection. After treatment, your pet is monitored 24/7 at our hospital for 3-7 days (depending on dose) until radiation levels drop to a level considered safe by the state. Owners must also follow post-treatment guidelines at home, which include minimizing contact with your cat for two weeks.

What can I expect after I-131 treatment?

Most cats undergoing I-131 treatment experience a significant improvement almost immediately, but within a few weeks, with a success rate of 95% with one injection. The recovery process is typically smooth, with minimal side effects, allowing your cat to return to a healthy, balanced state.

Is I-131 treatment safe?

Yes, I-131 treatment is one of the safest, most effective, and convenient ways to treat hyperthyroidism in cats. The procedure is non-invasive and carries few risks compared to other treatments like surgery. The procedure is non-invasive and carries few risks compared to other treatments like surgery, long-term administration of medications such as Methimazole, and minimally palatable long-term iodine-restricted diets. Our team at GCVS is highly trained and experienced in evaluating patients for treatment as well as administering radioactive iodine therapy, ensuring the best care for your pet.

Managing Costs

While the price for I-131 treatment in Houston varies based on your cat’s individual needs, it is important to consider the long-term benefits and cost savings of a permanent solution. Check with your pet insurance provider to see if I-131 treatment is covered and ask about our available payment plans to help manage the cost.

Treatment price will be provided upon initial consultation.

Our treatment includes the following:

  • Internal medicine specialist evaluation

  • Chemistry profile, CBC, urinalysis

  • Doppler blood pressure measurement

  • Thoracic radiographs with radiologist interpretation

  • Thyroid scan with radiologist interpretation

  • I-131 injection

  • Radioactive waste handling

  • Nuclear hospitalization (usually 3-7 days)

  • Doctors on-site with 24/7 monitoring

  • Follow-up bloodwork at the 1-month recheck

Neurology & Neurosurgery

Why would my pet need advanced diagnostics?

Advanced imaging like MRI or CT helps us see the nervous system’s deep structures hidden behind soft tissue and bone. These tools provide highly accurate and detailed insights, allowing us to diagnose issues precisely and determine the best treatment for your pet.

Does my pet need anesthesia for MRI or CT?

Yes, anesthesia is needed to ensure your pet remains completely still during the imaging process. This is essential for obtaining accurate and detailed images.

Oncology

What should I expect during my appointment with oncology?

The doctor will review your pet’s medical history from your family veterinarian (if provided beforehand) and perform a thorough physical exam. Based on your pet’s health and history, further diagnostics or treatments may be recommended. A detailed estimate of the treatment plan will be discussed, and your approval will be obtained before proceeding.

How should I prepare for my initial visit?

Please withhold food after 12:00 AM the night before and water after 6:00 AM on the day of the appointment. This ensures your pet will be ready for same-day imaging should this be deemed a necessary step in the staging process. Continue all medications as directed unless advised otherwise. If your pet has special needs, such as diabetes, please contact us beforehand for specific instructions.

What is staging?

Staging involves diagnostic tests to determine if and how far cancer has spread. This may include bloodwork, imaging (X-rays, ultrasound, CT, MRI) lymph node sampling, or bone marrow evaluation. Staging helps guide treatment recommendations and assess prognosis.

Why is tumor grade important?

Tumor grade indicates how aggressive a cancer may be, classified as low, intermediate, or high. Low-grade tumors grow slowly with minimal spread, while high-grade tumors are more aggressive. Understanding the grade helps guide treatment and predict prognosis.

What options are available for treatment?

The conventional treatments for cancer include surgery, radiation, and/or chemotherapy.

What side effects should I expect my pet to have after receiving chemotherapy?

Our goal is for your pet to maintain 80-90% quality of life during treatment. Side effects, if any, may include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, or decreased appetite, but these are often mild and self-limiting. We prescribe medications at the start of treatment to help manage them.

Will my pet lose their hair after starting chemotherapy?

Some pets will lose their hair or may experience coat thinning. It usually depends on the type of chemotherapy and the breed of dog. Wire-haired or non-shedding breeds may be particularly susceptible to chemotherapy. Certain breeds of dogs, such as terriers and poodles, will experience variable amounts of hair loss. Hair loss often is most evident on the face and tail.

General Surgery & Orthopedics FAQs

How do I schedule an appointment?

Call or text us at (713) 693-1111 or email [email protected]. You can complete patient forms ahead of time and bring them with you or email them.

How quickly am I able to schedule my pet’s surgery?

We are generally able to schedule surgery within 1-2 weeks of your initial consultation, if not sooner.

Can my pet have surgery on the same day as my initial consultation?

In most cases, surgery will need to be scheduled for a day other than your initial consultation, as our surgeons have specific surgery days set aside during the week. However, in the case of emergencies or if special arrangements have been made with your surgeon, same-day procedures can be accommodated.

What are the instructions for admission?

Admission is scheduled between 7:00 AM – 8:00 AM. Please ensure your pet fasts after 10:00 PM the night before any procedure (water is allowed until 6:00 AM). Discuss any current medications with your pet’s doctor to determine if they should be given on the morning of surgery. Provide contact numbers for updates during the day. You will complete a Patient Admission Form upon arrival, noting any recent changes in your pet’s condition and their last meal or medication intake.

When will I receive updates on my pet’s procedure?

We will contact you after surgery, but your pet’s procedure may not be performed in the morning despite the early admission. Please reach out to our team with any questions or concerns.

How often will I receive updates while my pet is hospitalized?

Daily updates are provided after 10:00 AM once the doctor evaluates your pet’s progress.

What happens during discharge?

We will contact you when your pet is ready to go home. A staff member will review discharge instructions with you. Please ask any questions before leaving and schedule a recheck appointment if needed. Review the instructions at home and contact us with any further questions or feedback.

After Hour Emergencies

Our regular business hours are Monday – Friday, from 8:00 AM to 6:00 PM, and Saturdays from 8:00 AM – 4:00 PM. We’re closed on Sundays and major holidays. In case of after-hour emergencies, reach out to us at (713) 693-1111.

Panting and Vocalization

Post-surgery panting and vocalization can be common and may indicate soreness or discomfort, but it’s often due to anxiety or medication side effects. It is not always a sign of pain. It’s often tied to excitement, anxiety, or agitation that your pet may feel after leaving the hospital. Brief or occasional vocalizing can be normal – please monitor if it becomes more intermittent. In surgeries that require immobility post-operatively, confinement can induce anxiety, causing panting. Some pain medications, in various forms, may also contribute to panting. If your pet excessively vocalizes, pants, or shows signs of pain after surgery, contact us for further recommendations.

Shaking/Trembling

Post-surgery shaking or trembling is common, especially in the first 24-48 hours at home. Shaking/trembling is not always linked to pain, cold, or distress and can affect the whole body or just the surgical area. It’s typically noticeable in the first five days and usually diminishes within 1 to 2 weeks.

Elizabethan Collar

We are relying on you to keep your pet’s incision safe and clean. The Elizabethan collar should be kept in place at ALL TIMES. Most pets become accustomed to the collar within a few days and can eat, sleep, and drink with it on. Failure to leave the collar in place could result in infection or opening of the incision.

Incision Care

Please do NOT clean or apply ointments to the incision without specific GCVS staff instructions. Avoid using hydrogen peroxide on the incision. Mild swelling is normal, but contact us if there’s discharge, increasing redness, or progressive swelling. If your pet has chewed out any sutures or is licking or chewing at the incision area, please use an Elizabethan collar immediately to prevent further trauma to the incision and notify us right away. Keep the collar on 24 hours a day until sutures are removed or advised otherwise by a GCVS staff member. For questions or concerns, contact our hospital or send a picture to [email protected] or text 713-693-1111 with your pet’s name, your name, and the name of your surgeon.

Appetite

*Please note that these diet suggestions are only for patients who are not on a restricted or specialized diet. Decreased appetite is not unusual after anesthesia or surgery. There are several ways to attempt to increase your pet’s appetite.

Offer favorite foods and treats.

Warm the food slightly (just above room temperature) to enhance the smell and taste.

Offer chicken baby food, alone or mixed with regular pet food.

Offer low-sodium chicken/beef broth, alone or with regular pet food.

Please contact our hospital if your pet is still not eating, or if they are experiencing any vomiting or diarrhea.

Swelling and Fluid Accumulation (Seroma)

It is normal to expect swelling around the incision post-operatively. Swelling will gradually resolve on its own and generally looks the worst 3-5 days post-operatively. Contact us if swelling increases or if the incision shows redness, inflammation, painful, or is producing discharge. Mild foot swelling below the IV catheter site is common. If the gauze and wrapping where the catheter was removed are still in place when your pet is discharged, please remove it the evening your pet goes home. Generalized limb swelling may occur, especially in orthopedic cases. Refer to discharge instructions for detailed aftercare and know that this swelling typically resolves on its own.

Occasionally, after surgery, fluid accumulation (seroma) is common and often resolves naturally. The body will reabsorb this fluid in many cases, however, if you notice a fluid pocket developing, contact our team as we may need to recheck the area.

Bathing

Avoid bathing your pet until sutures are removed or as per the surgeon’s instructions. Wait until bandages, splints, or casts are removed (see Bandage, Cast, or Splint Care for more information). If the incision is soiled, contact our team for guidance. For medicated baths, consult your veterinarian about alternative options during this period.

Urination

Some patients may urinate more or less frequently after surgery or may seem unable to control their urination. This is typically temporary but should be monitored. Contact our hospital immediately if any blood is noted in the urine (unless otherwise outlined in your post-surgical discharge summary), or if your pet is straining to urinate. Patients will sometimes drink more or less than is normal for them after returning home, so it’s common to see either more or less frequent urination for the first several days post-operatively. However, if your pet does not urinate for 24 hours, please contact our hospital immediately.

Bandage, Cast, or Splint Care

If your pet has a bandage and it becomes soiled, wet (even damp), chewed, has an odor, or has “slipped”, please do not remove the bandage at home or attempt to rebandage the area. Duct tape and other plastic items can trap moisture within the cast/bandage, causing inflammation of the skin and tissues. Additionally, in some cases, bandages that are improperly applied at home can inadvertently cut off or impede circulation to the limb. If you have any concerns about your pet’s bandage or cast, keep your pet under close observation until you can contact our hospital for further recommendations.

After a cast or splint is removed, it may take several days for your pet to become comfortable using the affected leg without the support of the bandage. Some patients may also experience mild to moderate swelling of the affected limb after bandage removal. Do not be alarmed if your pet experiences mild swelling, has an increase in lameness, or is not using the affected leg normally immediately after the bandage has been removed.

Vomiting and Diarrhea

Vomiting sometimes occurs post-operatively, however, if the vomiting is frequent, blood is noted in the vomit, or your pet is not holding down food or water, please contact our hospital immediately.

Diarrhea post-operatively can be due to stress or medication. Please contact our hospital if your pet is experiencing diarrhea. We do NOT recommend using over-the-counter medication to treat diarrhea without instruction.

Constipation/Bowel Movements

While diarrhea is more common, occasional constipation can occur after illness, anesthesia, or surgery. Some patients need a few days for their gastrointestinal system to return to normal after surgery or anesthesia. Fortunately, for dogs and cats, it is not vital to pass stool daily. Even pets who have previously had a “regular” schedule for bowel movements and are eating normally may experience a delay of several days before having a bowel movement post-operatively. If you feel as though your pet is uncomfortable, you may try giving a small amount (one-half teaspoon for a cat and up to three teaspoons for a big dog) of vegetable or olive oil mixed with your pet’s regular food. Additionally, a small amount (the same as outlined above) of unspiced canned pumpkin may be given to your pet as a natural option to help with constipation.

If no bowel movement is noted within 48-72 hours of administration, please contact our hospital.

Medications

How to give medication: The pill can be placed over the base of the tongue (at the back of the throat), and it will be swallowed. If that does not work, try to place the medication in a piece of food, such as cheese, turkey, hotdog, pill pocket, peanut butter, chicken, etc. (unless your pet is on a restricted diet). Using just enough food to give the medication is often helpful since when pets must chew before swallowing, they will sometimes taste the pill and spit it out.

Medication Refills

If you have run out of medication and feel as though your pet might need a refill, please contact our hospital. We request 24-hour notice for all refills. We will be happy to discuss additional prescriptions at the discretion of the surgeon. You can request a prescription refill HERE.

Unfortunately, we are unable to refill medications prescribed by your primary care veterinarian for conditions other than what we are currently treating. Please contact their clinic for refills if necessary for your pet. In most cases, our prescriptions are intended for short-term use immediately post-operatively. Long-term medications should be obtained from your primary care veterinarians.